萝卜诱导愈伤组织的影响因素

以萝卜种子为试材,研究了不同外植体、不同激素、不同激素浓度及继代培养对萝卜外植体形成愈伤组织的影响。结果表明:(1)诱导萝卜愈伤组织最好的外植体为子叶。(2)不同的生长素诱导效果不同,诱导效果为NAA>2,4-D>IBA;(3)萝卜子叶和下胚轴诱导愈伤组织的最佳初代培养基均为MS 3 mg/L 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 3%蔗糖 0.8%琼脂。(4)继代培养能促进愈伤组织的形成,子叶和下胚轴的最佳继代培养基分别为:MS 6 mg/L6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 3%蔗糖 0.8%琼脂和MS 4 mg/L 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 3%蔗糖 0.8%琼脂。     

PMSG和hCG对猪卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

对猪卵母细胞不同发育阶段的激素需要进行了初步探讨。结果表明 :猪卵母细胞体外培养 48h ,前 2 4h在培养液中加入激素 ,后 2 4h不加激素 ,卵母细胞的A级成熟率 (51 73% )和总成熟率 (83 2 5 % )最高 ,极显著高于前 2 4h不加激素 ,后 2 4h添加激素培养的成熟率 (P <0 0 1 ) ;也显著高于不含激素的培养液连续培养 48h的成熟率 (P <0 0 5) ;但与添加激素连续培养 48h组成熟率差异不显著 (P >0 0 5)。     

不同剂量半胱胺对肉用仔鸡增重及血液生长抑素、生长激素含量的影响

将８０只３０日龄红布罗鸡随机分为４组，半胱胺（ｃｙｓｔｅａｍｉｎｅ，ＣＳ）的添加量分别为０（对照）、１００、１５０、２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重。至５８日龄称重、宰杀、颈静脉采血，并用放免法对血液生长抑素（ＳＳ）和生长激素（ＧＨ）含量进行分析。结果：（１）与对照组相比，ＣＳ１００组净增重提高６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５），其它剂量组增重无明显变化；（２）口服ＣＳ不改变仔鸡采食量，但饲料转化率ＣＳ１００、ＣＳ１５０、ＣＳ２００组分别提高５．７％、３．３％、６．３％；（３）与对照组相比，ＣＳ１００、ＣＳ１５０、ＣＳ２００组的血液ＳＳ含量分别下降７０．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）、７６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０２５）和７６．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１），但ＧＨ水平只在ＣＳ１００组有明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），结果提示ＣＳ对仔鸡的作用同哺乳动物一样也呈现剂量依赖性     

枫泾公猪初情期前后外周血清中睾酮、促黄体素及皮质醇的含量变化

用放射免疫法测定并研究了在初情期间24小时内和交配过程中的3头枫泾公猪外周血清促黄体素(LH)、睾酮(T)和皮质醇(F)的含量及分泌范型。3头公猪平均于102日具有射精能力,开始进入初情期。初情期前(76～88日龄)T和LH含量较低,其平均值分别为1.28±0.44和1.57±0.09ng/ml。102日龄后,T含量迅速升高,平均为8.43±0.87ng/ml,与初情期前比较,差异极显著,(P<0.01);LH也随之升高,平均为2.04±0.15ng/ml,但前、后差异不明显(P>0.05)。初情期间24小时内,LH含量波动在1.04±0.40～2.25±0.87ng/ml之间,总平均为1.64±0.28ng/ml;T和F均呈突发性分泌方式,总平均值分别为4.32±1.49和14.79±9.61ng/ml,二者的分泌呈极显著正相关(r=0.88)。T和F的含量早上显著高于夜间(24点)。3头公猪在106日龄分别与发情母猪交配过程中,三种激素均处于较高水平,射精阶段T值显著高于爬下后5～6分钟的值,而LH和F值无显著变化。综上所述,初步揭示枫泾公猪平均于108日龄已建立睾酮、促黄体素和皮质醇性成熟的分泌范型。     

Bovine steroid hormone and SHBG concentrations postpartum and during the oestrous cycle

Changes in consecutive estimates of milk progesterone concentrations and serum steroid hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations in the postpartum period were examined in Finnish Ayrshire and Friesian dairy cows which were divided according to feeding into a hay group and a silage group. Milk progesterone concentrations rose above 10 nmol/l, indicating the start of ovarian luteal activity, slightly earlier in the silage group (28.4 +/- 8.7 (S.D.) days, n = 19) than in the hay group (33.4 +/- 10.3, n = 28) after calving. Likewise, the first normal oestrous cycles began slightly earlier in cows fed with silage. On the other hand, no differences in the beginning of ovarian luteal activity were observed between the breeds. Serum oestradiol-17 beta, oestrone, testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5 alpha-DHT), pregnenolone and progesterone concentrations were fairly unchanged during postpartum anoestrus after uterine involution and before ovarian cyclic activity. After first ovulation, considerable increases in milk and serum progesterone concentrations were observed. The increase was accompanied by elevations in serum pregnenolone and 5 alpha-DHT concentrations. In the late luteal phase, progesterone, 5 alpha-DHT and pregnenolone concentrations rapidly declined, leading to low hormone levels in pro-oestrus. Thereafter, serum pregnenolone and 5 alpha-DHT concentrations slightly increased during the follicular phase. On the other hand, oestradiol-17 beta concentrations were elevated in pro-oestrus and decreased after that, being lowest at met-oestrous. Serum testosterone concentrations appeared to be unchanged during postpartum anoestrus and over the oestrous cycle. Serum SHBG concentrations were unchanged during postpartum anoestrus and over the oestrous cycle, as well as in pregnant animals. The serum SHBG concentrations were about double those found in women with normal menstrual cycles, whereas oestradiol concentrations were much lower. At present, it cannot be explained how the biological effects of oestradiol become evident under such conditions.     

东北岩高兰的扦插试验

东北岩高兰(Empetrum nigrum var.japoicum)因其稀有濒危而被列为我国国家二级重点保护植物。在我国仅此一变种,分布在我省及内蒙古东部的大兴安岭海拔1200～1400 m的亚高山带,是亚高山矮曲林带的特小灌木之一。其亚种是用种子繁殖,不但结实量少,不易繁殖,而且日趋稀有,无性繁殖又未见报导,笔者于1983年在黑龙江省森林植物园对东北岩高兰进行研究工作。1986年在园内进行扦插繁殖试验,在不同时间选取带踵和不带踵的插穗,并用不同的生根剂处理插穗基部。试验结果表明,7月初至8月末均可进行扦插,但不同插穗和生根剂处理的成活率差异显著,以一年生带踵插穗,经chwe爆发性生根剂和chwe爆发性生根粉速蘸处理效果最好,扦插成活率为39.1％—40.9％;移植成活率为25.0％—30.4％。     

黄脉爵床快速繁殖技术研究

黄脉爵床组织培养快速繁殖，基本培养基以MS和1/2MS为好，植物激素为BA和NAA，BA质量浓度为1.0mg/L左右，NAA质量浓度为0.1mg/L左右。在扩大繁殖过程中将单芽和分丛生芽法改用微型短枝扦插法，可加快繁殖和提高移栽成活率。     

猪羊生长激素基因保守性研究

生长激素基因在猪羊间的差异 ,通过两对引物 ,分别为P1:5’ -agctggattctttacggctgagcc - 3’和P2 :5’ -tccggaagcaggagagcagaccgtag - 3’ ,P3:5’ -gctgacacctacaaggagtttg - 3’和P4:5’ - gtttgcttgaggatctgtcctg - 3’。对它们的DNA进行聚合酶链反应 ,电泳及序列分析结果表明 :P1-P2和P3-P4引物都能扩增出猪羊DNA样 ,得到大小一致的扩增带 (对应引物的带 ) ,但southern杂交结果的差别很大 ;生长激素基因的碱基组成在猪羊间的差异为 6 5 % ,即猪羊生长激素基因保守性很强     

Endogenous serum insulin concentration in dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis

Objective: To determine endogenous serum insulin concentration in dogs with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and to compare it to endogenous serum insulin concentration in diabetic dogs with ketonuria but no acidosis (KDM), diabetic dogs with uncomplicated diabetes mellitus (DM) that did not have ketonuria or acidosis, and dogs with non‐pancreatic disease (NP). Design: Prospective study. Setting: Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. Animals: Forty‐four client‐owned dogs; 20 dogs with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (7 dogs with DKA, 6 dogs with KDM, and 7 dogs with DM) and 24 dogs with non‐pancreatic disease. Interventions: Blood and urine samples were obtained at the time of admission to the hospital. Measurements and main results: Signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings, and concurrent disease were recorded for all dogs. Blood glucose concentration, venous blood pH, venous blood HCO3^? concentration, urinalysis, and endogenous serum insulin concentration were determined in all dogs. Dogs with DKA have significantly decreased endogenous serum insulin concentrations compared to dogs with DM (P = 0.03) and dogs with non‐pancreatic disease (P = 0.0002), but not compared to dogs with KDM (P = 0.2). Five of 7 dogs with DKA had detectable endogenous serum insulin concentrations, and 2 of these dogs had endogenous serum insulin concentration within the normal range. Conclusions: Diabetic dogs with ketoacidosis have significantly decreased endogenous serum insulin concentration compared to dogs with uncomplicated diabetes mellitus. However, most dogs with DKA have detectable endogenous serum insulin concentrations, and some dogs with DKA have endogenous serum insulin concentrations within the normal range.     

多氯联苯对鸡胚睾丸结构的损伤作用

选用海兰鸡作为实验动物 ,研究了多氯联苯 (polychlorinated biphenyl,PCB)对鸡胚胎期性腺发育和生殖细胞分化的影响。在入孵前将多氯联苯商业混合物 Aroclor 12 5 4花生油制剂注入海兰种蛋卵黄内 ,试验 、 、 组剂量分别为 1、10、10 0 μg/枚 ,体积为 10 0 μL,对照组注射等体积花生油 ,统计分析死亡率和孵化率 ,并取出新出壳雏鸡的性腺进行组织学观察。结果表明 ,雄性雏鸡的睾丸结构发生明显改变 ,与对照组相比 ,其横截面积、精细管直径和精细管面积占睾丸横截面积的百分比显著降低。在 组 ,雄性雏鸡的大部分精细管降解甚至消失 ,其睾丸内精细胞的分化受到了不同程度的抑制 ,几乎所有生殖细胞都发生了核固缩和胞质空泡化 ,而在 、 组则只有散在的发生。本试验结果表明 ,PCB干扰鸡胚性腺的发育 ,并具有抑制禽类睾丸发育和精原细胞分化的作用。